Arugula, also known as rocket or rucola, is a versatile and flavorful leafy green that has gained popularity in New Zealand gardens and kitchens. With its peppery taste and nutritional benefits, arugula is a fantastic addition to salads, sandwiches, and various culinary creations. To successfully grow arugula in New Zealand, it is crucial to understand the optimal planting time and conditions.
The country’s diverse climate, ranging from subtropical in the north to temperate in the south, means that the ideal planting window may vary across regions. In this article, we will explore the best time to plant arugula in New Zealand, taking into account the different climatic zones and providing valuable tips to ensure a bountiful harvest.
Whether you are a seasoned gardener or a beginner, this guide will help you cultivate thriving arugula plants and enjoy the fresh, vibrant flavors they offer.
Best varieties of Arugula to grow in New Zealand
In New Zealand, the climate is generally suitable for growing arugula (also known as rocket) throughout the year. Here are a few varieties that tend to perform well in New Zealand conditions:
- Wild Rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia): This variety has a stronger, more peppery flavor compared to standard arugula. It thrives in New Zealand’s mild climate and is known for its vigorous growth.
- Astro: Astro is a popular variety that is well-suited for New Zealand gardens. It has a milder flavor and is quick to mature, making it a great choice for continuous harvesting.
- Sylvetta: Sylvetta, also known as wild or perennial arugula, is a hardy variety that can tolerate cooler temperatures. It has a more intense, nutty flavor and tends to grow well in New Zealand’s temperate regions.
- Wasabi Rocket: This variety has a distinct wasabi-like flavor, adding a spicy kick to salads and other dishes. It grows well in New Zealand’s temperate climate and is relatively easy to cultivate.
- Apollo: Apollo is a fast-growing variety that produces tender, dark green leaves. It has a slightly milder flavor compared to wild rocket and is suitable for both baby leaf and mature harvesting.
Remember to provide arugula with well-draining soil, regular watering, and partial shade during hot summer months to prevent bolting. Additionally, consider succession planting to ensure a continuous supply of fresh arugula throughout the year.
When to plant Arugula in New Zealand
The best time to plant arugula in New Zealand is during the cooler months, from late summer to early autumn (February to April) and again in early spring (September to October). Arugula prefers mild temperatures and can bolt or go to seed quickly in hot weather. Planting during these cooler periods will help ensure optimal growth and prevent premature flowering. Additionally, arugula is a fast-growing crop, so you can also consider succession planting every few weeks to have a continuous harvest throughout the year.
When to harvest Arugula in New Zealand
Arugula, also known as rocket or rucola, can be harvested in New Zealand throughout the year, but the ideal time for harvesting depends on the growing conditions and your personal preference.
In general, arugula is a cool-season crop that prefers mild temperatures. It grows best in spring and autumn when temperatures are between 10-20°C (50-68°F). During these seasons, the leaves are tender and have a milder flavor.
If you are growing arugula in a warmer region of New Zealand, you can still harvest it during the summer months, but the leaves may become more bitter and the plant may bolt (go to seed) quickly. To prevent bolting, you can provide some shade or grow arugula in a partially shaded area.
For a continuous harvest, you can practice cut-and-come-again harvesting. This involves cutting the outer leaves of the plant when they reach a desirable size, allowing the inner leaves to continue growing. This way, you can harvest arugula leaves at any stage of growth, from baby leaves to mature ones.
Remember to harvest arugula in the morning when the leaves are crisp and full of moisture. Simply cut the leaves off at the base of the plant, leaving the central growing point intact for regrowth.
Other considerations
When growing arugula in New Zealand, there are a few important considerations to keep in mind:
- Climate: Arugula prefers cool weather and can tolerate light frosts. It grows best in regions with mild temperatures, such as the South Island and parts of the North Island. In warmer areas, it is best to grow arugula during the cooler months or provide some shade during hot summer days.
- Soil: Arugula thrives in well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. Before planting, amend the soil with compost or well-rotted manure to improve its fertility and drainage. A slightly acidic to neutral soil pH of around 6.0 to 7.0 is ideal for arugula.
- Sunlight: Arugula prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade. Ensure that the plants receive at least 4-6 hours of direct sunlight each day for optimal growth and flavor.
- Watering: Arugula requires consistent moisture to prevent bolting (premature flowering) and bitterness. Water the plants regularly, keeping the soil evenly moist but not waterlogged. Mulching around the plants can help retain moisture and suppress weed growth.
- Planting: Arugula can be directly sown in the garden or started indoors and transplanted. Sow the seeds about 1/4 inch deep and 1 inch apart, and thin the seedlings to a spacing of 6-8 inches. Successive plantings every few weeks can ensure a continuous harvest.
- Fertilizer: Arugula is a relatively light feeder and does not require heavy fertilization. However, incorporating a balanced organic fertilizer or side-dressing with compost during planting can provide the necessary nutrients for healthy growth.
- Pests and Diseases: Arugula is generally resistant to pests and diseases. However, keep an eye out for common garden pests like aphids, flea beetles, and slugs. Regularly inspect the plants and take appropriate measures, such as handpicking or using organic pest control methods if necessary.
- Harvesting: Arugula leaves can be harvested when they reach a desirable size, usually around 4-6 weeks after planting. Harvest the outer leaves first, leaving the inner ones to continue growing. Regular harvesting promotes new leaf growth and prevents the plants from bolting.
By considering these factors, you can successfully grow arugula in New Zealand and enjoy its peppery flavor in your salads and dishes.